Frequently Asked Questions |
| This is a list of frequently asked questions. If your question is not answered on this page, feel free to contact the . |


The characters most commonly seen in sequence are A, C, G, T, and N, but there are several other valid characters that are used in clones to indicate ambiguity about the identity of certain bases in the sequence. It's not uncommon to see these "wobble" codes at polymorphic positions in DNA sequences. The following chart (IUPAC-IUB Symbols for Nucleotide Nomenclature: Cornish-Bowden (1985). Nucl. Acids Res. 13:3021-3030) lists nucleotide symbols, including those used for ambiguity:
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Symbol Meaning Nucleic Acid
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A A Adenine
C C Cytosine
G G Guanine
T T Thymine
U U Uracil
M A or C
R A or G Purine
W A or T
S C or G
Y C or T Pyrimidine
K G or T
V A or C or G
H A or C or T
D A or G or T
B C or G or T
X G or A or T or C
N G or A or T or C

![]() | Open status: this plasmid is available under a simple MTA. If it is stored, you can get it through online ordering ( ). If it's not yet stored, you can contact us ( ). |
![]() | Open status under specific agreement: this plasmid is available under a specific MTA. If you are interested to get it, you can contact us ( ). |
![]() | Closed status: this plasmid can not be distributed yet. |
for each plasmid you are interested in. Then, click on 'checkout' logo
, you will be redirected to your shopping cart. You can eventually delete any plasmid you don't want, edit your shipping/billing addresses, otherwise you can confirm your order. At last, but not least, you have to download the MTA, sign it and return it to us by mail. The order will not be processed until we receive the signed MTA.

